Capital Gains (Losses) Estimator

See what you'd owe on an investment gain, and how holding a year changes it.

Your numbers

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Capital gains tax

Estimated tax
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2025 federal estimate. Long-term gains use the 0/15/20% brackets, stacked on top of your other taxable income; short-term gains are taxed as ordinary income. State tax is a simplified estimate at a representative rate on the gain (most states tax gains as ordinary income) and is editable via the state selector. Excludes the 3.8% net investment income tax.
About this calculator

Capital Gains (Losses) Estimator

A capital gains tax calculator estimates federal tax on an investment gain, applying the lower long-term rates for assets held over a year and ordinary rates for short-term gains.

Long-term gets a break

Assets held more than a year qualify for long-term capital gains rates of 0%, 15%, or 20%, which stack on top of your other taxable income, many people pay 15%, and lower earners may pay 0%. Assets held a year or less are 'short-term' and taxed as ordinary income at your regular bracket, which is usually much higher. The one-year line can be worth a lot of money.

What the estimate omits

This covers federal tax on the gain and excludes state taxes and the 3.8% net investment income tax that can apply at higher incomes. It also assumes the gain stacks cleanly on your other income. Strategies like holding past a year, harvesting losses to offset gains, and timing sales across tax years can all lower the real bill.

How to use it

  1. Enter the capital gain and your other taxable income.
  2. Choose your filing status.
  3. Choose long-term or short-term.
  4. See the estimated tax and after-tax gain.

Frequently asked questions

How are capital gains taxed?

Long-term gains (held over a year) use 0/15/20% federal rates; short-term gains are taxed as ordinary income. Your bracket and income determine which applies.

How can I lower capital gains tax?

Hold assets over a year for long-term rates, harvest losses to offset gains, and consider your income timing. This estimate excludes such strategies.

Does this include state tax?

No, it estimates federal tax only and excludes the 3.8% net investment income tax and any state tax.

See the exact formula and a worked example on our methodology page.

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