Taxable vs. Tax-Free Return

Compare a taxable yield with a tax-free muni yield after your tax rate.

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Higher after-tax yield

Winner
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After-tax taxable yield = taxable × (1 − tax rate). Compare it to the tax-free yield. The higher after-tax figure wins.
About this calculator

Taxable vs. Tax-Free Return

Compares a taxable yield after tax against a tax-free municipal yield to show which pays more.

Putting yields on equal footing

A taxable yield is reduced by tax, so its after-tax value is the yield times one minus your tax rate, while a qualifying municipal bond yield is generally free of federal tax. Comparing the after-tax taxable yield with the muni yield reveals which actually keeps more in your pocket. This is the same logic behind a tax-equivalent yield, viewed from the after-tax side.

Why your tax bracket matters

The higher your tax rate, the more a tax-free muni yield is worth relative to a taxable alternative, which is why munis appeal most to higher-bracket investors. At low tax rates, a higher taxable yield often wins even after tax. This tool uses a single rate and does not model state tax treatment, the alternative minimum tax, or differences in credit risk between the investments.

How to use it

  1. Enter the taxable yield as a percentage.
  2. Enter the tax-free municipal yield.
  3. Enter your tax rate.
  4. Compare the after-tax taxable yield with the muni yield.

Frequently asked questions

Why do munis favor high earners?

Because a tax-free yield avoids tax entirely, its advantage grows as your tax rate rises. At lower brackets a higher taxable yield can still come out ahead.

Does this include state taxes?

No, it uses one rate and ignores state and local tax, which can make in-state munis more attractive. Your actual comparison may differ.

Is yield the only thing to weigh?

No, credit quality, maturity, and liquidity differ between taxable and municipal bonds. A higher after-tax yield alone does not make an investment better.

See the exact formula and a worked example on our methodology page.

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