72(t) Early Distribution Analysis

Rule 72(t) lets you tap an IRA before 59½ without penalty via equal payments.

Your numbers

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Annual SEPP

Penalty-free withdrawal
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Uses the amortization method: your balance is spread over your single life expectancy at a permitted interest rate, giving a fixed annual payment. Payments must continue for 5 years or until age 59½, whichever is longer. The IRS also allows RMD and annuitization methods. Consult a tax advisor before starting.
About this calculator

72(t) Early Distribution Analysis

This calculator estimates penalty-free early IRA withdrawals under IRS Rule 72(t) using the amortization method over your single life expectancy.

How 72(t) works

Rule 72(t) lets you take substantially equal periodic payments from an IRA before age 59 and a half without the usual 10 percent early-withdrawal penalty. The amortization method spreads your balance over your single life expectancy at a chosen interest rate, producing a fixed annual amount. This tool applies that method to estimate the yearly distribution your balance supports.

Strict rules to follow

Once started, the payment schedule generally must continue without changes for at least five years or until you reach age 59 and a half, whichever is longer. Modifying or stopping the payments early can trigger retroactive penalties plus interest on all prior distributions. Because the IRS sets limits on the interest rate and life expectancy tables you may use, confirm the details with a tax advisor before starting. Not financial advice.

How to use it

  1. Enter your IRA balance.
  2. Enter your current age.
  3. Enter the interest rate to apply.
  4. Review the estimated annual penalty-free distribution.

Frequently asked questions

What is a 72(t) distribution?

It is a series of substantially equal periodic payments that lets you tap an IRA early without the 10 percent penalty.

How long must the payments continue?

Generally for at least five years or until age 59 and a half, whichever is longer.

What if I change the payments early?

Modifying the schedule too soon can trigger retroactive penalties and interest on the earlier withdrawals.

See the exact formula and a worked example on our methodology page.

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