Taxable vs. Tax-Advantaged Savings

Sheltering investments from annual taxes lets them compound faster. See the gap.

Your numbers

$
$
%
%

The difference

Tax-advantaged edge
,
The tax-advantaged account compounds at the full return; the taxable account is modeled as if gains are taxed each year, reducing the effective return. Real taxable accounts defer some tax until sale, so the true gap is usually between the two. Illustrative.
About this calculator

Taxable vs. Tax-Advantaged Savings

This calculator compares investing in a taxable account with a tax-advantaged one like a 401(k) or IRA, showing how sheltering gains from annual tax lets money compound faster.

The tax drag

In a taxable account, taxes on interest, dividends, and realized gains take a bite each year, lowering the effective return that compounds. A tax-advantaged account shields those gains, so the full return compounds year after year. Over decades, that difference grows into a meaningful gap in ending value.

Which to use first

This is why financial planners generally suggest filling tax-advantaged accounts, especially those with an employer match, before a regular brokerage. The calculator models the taxable side as taxed each year, a conservative view; real taxable accounts defer some tax until sale, so the true gap usually sits between the two figures shown.

How to use it

  1. Enter your initial investment and monthly contribution.
  2. Set the number of years and expected return.
  3. Enter your tax rate on gains.
  4. See the difference tax-advantaged growth makes.

Frequently asked questions

Why do tax-advantaged accounts grow faster?

They shield gains from annual taxes, so the full return compounds every year instead of being reduced by a yearly tax bite.

Should I use a 401(k) before a taxable account?

Generally yes, especially to capture an employer match. Tax-advantaged accounts keep more of your growth compounding for you.

Is the taxable estimate exact?

It's conservative, modeling gains as taxed each year. Real taxable accounts defer some tax until you sell, so the true gap is usually smaller.

See the exact formula and a worked example on our methodology page.

Related calculators